Extrusion press



April 18, 1939. FRlDEN 2,154,611

EXTRUSION PRESS Filed Sept. 13, 1935 6 Sheets-Sheet l INVENTOR: 70in EE'ZQEJL BY -QATTORNEY April 18, 1939. J. H. FRIDEN EXTRUSION PRESS I Filed Sept. 15, 1935 6 Sheets-Sheet? llll 9 III INVENTORI C Kn/ATTORNEY EXTRUS I ON PRES S Filed Sept. 15, 1955 6 Sheets-Sheet 5 5w ATTORNEY April 18, 1939. J. H. FRIDEN EXTRUS ION PRESS Filed Sept. 15, 1935 568 iii. 47 v .W 45 "WI 7} 6 Sheets-Sheet 4 INVENTOR:

Fm/ATTOR EY April 18, 1939.

Filed Sept. 13, 1955 J. H. FRIDEN EXTRUSION PRESS 6 Sheets-Sheet 5 m!" g: .1 ...m"'

INVENTORI 'M IATTORNEY Patented Apr. 18, 1939 EXTRUSION PRESS John The Sun Tube Corporation, corporation of New Jersey I r H. Friden, Maplewood, N. 1., as'signor to Hillside, N. L, I

Application September 13, 1935, Serial No. 40,385

. 1o Claims. (01. 207-16) This invention relates to improvements in methods of and apparatus for extruding metal and more particularly to apparatus for extruding metals, such as zinc, which will not flow at ordi- 6 nary temperatures under the permissible working pressures into the form of hollow tubes or similar articles.

One object of this invention is to provide an improved device for accurately and quickly heat- 10 mg slugs to be extruded in an emcient manner such that the output of acceptablearticles from the extrusion press may be materially increased and the product made substantially uniform. It.

is generally recognized that accuracy in the shape 15 and size of die members is very important in obtaining uniform results. Uniform temperature of the slugs supplied to the machine is also an important governing factor.

A related feature of the invention is the accu- 80 rate control and maintenance of the temperature of the die members within predetermined limits, and also the adjustment of the temperature of the slugs supplied thereto.

Other objects and advantages of my invention 25 will be more apparent from the detailed description of the embodiment shown in the drawings, in which:

Figure 1 is a front elevation of the lower portion of an extrusion press illustrating my invention. I Figure 2 is a side elevation of the same portion of such extrusion press with a portion of the slug feeding means shown in section.

Figure 3 is a horizontal cross section through the machine taken on the line 3-4 of Figure 1 35 and showing the constFuction of thefemale die in cross section.

Figure 4 is a vertical sectional view through this die member taken on the line 4-4 of Figure 3. Figure 5 is a plan view of a pre-heater attached to the extrusion press and shows the slug feeding means in conjunctlontherewith. H

Figure 6 is a vertical cross, section through the pre-heating device showing the'slug loading chute andgis taken ontheline oil-Figure}.

Figure 7 is a horizontal sectional view through the pre-heater taken, on the linel-gl of Figure 6. Figure 8 is ahorizontalsectional-view on the line 8-78-01 Figure 6 illustrating the locking means a for retaining slugs in .the pre-heater. p

a Figure 9 is a view similar to Figure 6 but showing only the "slug loading means for the preheatr with-'thelifti'ng rod :atits lowest position. 10 is a" similar 1 view but showing the lifting rod in a partly position, and

engag'e a 4|, i's fixed to collar 34 opposite said arm 35. The vertically reciprocating-feed-rod 4| is; provided] Figure 11 is a diagrammatic view showing the electrical connections for the pre-heater.

The extrusion press illustrated, is made up'of side frame members I, supported on suitable legs and feet II, and joined by the integral horizontal section Illa forming a support for one die member. This frame carries a main shaft l2 rotatably mounted therein in suitable bearings and driven by a gear l3 through a pinion or other driving means not shown. The shaft I2 is connected to a slide l4, arranged for vertical'oscil lation in the frame by any suitable means such as a toggle arrangement (not shown). Slide l4 carries a reciprocating punch [5 adapted to perform the extruding operation on the downward stroke. The punch and its holder are preferably 'removably attached to the slide by means of the screw threads [3, so that articles of different sizes and shapes maybe extruded on the same machine. Horizontally disposed between the side frame members as an integral part of the frame section Illa is a shelf l1 arranged to support the female die member H3 in the die block l8a immediately below the punch. Parallel with the shaft I2 is arranged a second shaft l9 which may be driven by said shaft I2 through the chain 20 and-sprockets 2| and 22. These sprockets are preferably of the same size so that both shafts make one rotation in the same period of time. Shaft I9 is mounted in suitable bearings 23, 24 and carries at one end thereof a suitable bevel pinion or gear 26 which meshes with a similar bevel gear 21 connected to a downwardly extending shaft 28. Said shaft 28 is rotatably mounted in bearing 29 and is connected to a horizontal section 30, rotatably mounted in bearing 3|, by

the universal joint 32. The lower section 30 rotates at the same speed as shafts l9 and I2. At its forward end this shaft. 30 has fixed thereto a cam 33 for reciprocating a member within the an .integral upwardly extending armf35 carrying a pin 31, whichis fixed tothe main frame in any, desirable mannerg-as by bolts 3.1a. A second arm :38" having a forked end 89- adapted to slidingly block 40, pivotallyattached-to arod with 'a-pair 'of 'collars 42, adapted to ,confln'eyor limit the vertical movement of block 40 iand hencearm :34 "with respect to. said feed 1 rod, This con- 'heat'er, as will presently appear. A suitable ro- I tatably mounted'collar orhub 34 is provided with struction translates the arcuate movement of the end of arm 38 into a straight line vertical movement for the feed rod 4|. Arm 38 is normally maintained in a raised position and the roller 36 is held in engagement with the heater cam by a spring 43, extending therefrom and connected at its upper end to a bracket 44 attached to the frame. The feed rod 4| serves to supply slugs from the chute 45 to the pre-heater 46. This chute 45 (Figure 3) may be made up of a base member and guides 41 adjustably mounted thereon by means of the slots and set screws 48, to accommodate slugs of different sizes.

Referring more particularly to Figures 5-7 the pre-heater 46 is made up of an outer casing 50, formed in semi-circular sections provided with radial flanges at their edges which are joined by bolts 5|. This casing may conveniently be formed from sheet metal or the like and is preferably lined wtih some heat insulating material 52, defining a central vertical chamber 53. Suitable annular covervmembers 54 close the ends of the chamber except for ce'ntrally disposed circular openings through which a tube of metal or some other heat conducting and resisting material 55 is fitted. This tube is preferably longer than the heating chamber, per se, and is hexagonal in cross-section so that the resistance elements 56 may be conveniently clamped thereto by means of bolts 51. These resistance elements are preferably connected in parallel (Fig. 11) and supplied with current by heating medium instead of electricity, if desired.

When dealing with slugs of different sizes it is desirable to have this inner tube interchangeable so that one of the correct inside diameter may be provided at all times. When slugs of only a definite size are dealt with, however, the tubes 55 and 58 may be combined into a single integral tube.

At the bottom of the chamber, the feed rod 4| reciprocates in a suitable bearing ill, which may be lined with babbitt or a bronze bushing 5| or the like, if desired. The upper end of this feed rod is preferably somewhat tapered or pointed. At the lower end of the stroke, as

shown in Figure 9, this feed rod is below the plane of the under surface of the slugs in the chute 45 so that one slug is pushed out over the top of the rod into a position to be loaded into the pre-heating chamber. The slugs in the chute may be supplied automatically from a suitable hopper (not shown) and fed by gravity or in any other suitable way. As the feed rod raises the slug to be loaded or added to the column in the chamber, the tapered end of the feed rod cams the other slugs in the chute slightly back out of the way and the. main part of the rod then retains them in this position. The slug to be loaded is carried upwardly into engagement with a series of three detents i2 pivoted on pins 63 at the lower end of tube 55 and urged inwardly' by the action of springs 44. As the slug continues its upward movement it exerts a camming action on the cut away. lower surfaces-of or. debut nd' rocks themagainst the action of the spring 64. The feed rod 4| carries the slug still further upwardly until it has completely passed the tips of the detents which then are allowed to snap back into place below this slug. Now when the rod 4| is lowered again the column of slugs will drop' a slight distance until the newly added slug rests upon the tops of the detents whereupon the rod is permitted to continue its downward movement independently to the point where it will receive another slug.

The top portion of the tube 58 holding the column of slugs extends some distance above the pre-heating chamber and may be heat insulated in any suitable way to maintain a substantially uniform temperature. The top of this tube is preferably closed by a plate 61, held in place by bolts 68 entering a flange extending from a collar that surrounds and is attached to the upper end of the tube 55. One end of the plate 61 is formed with an open jaw 61a receiving one of the bolts 68 so that when these bolts are loosened, the plate may be swung around in the direction indicated by the arrow in Figure 5. If the slugs should become jammed in the tube 58 the plate 61 may be thus quickly swung back out of the way and the difficulty corrected. This arrangement also greatly facilitates changing the tube 58 for one of a different internal diameter. The top of the tube 58 immediately below the plate is provided with a horizontal groove 69 alined with a passageway formed by a pair of guides 10. These guides 10 may be adjusted to accommodate different sized slugs by means of the set screws cooperating with slots 12.

Mounted in suitable bearings 13 above the preheater, is a reciprocable rod 14 attached at one end thereof to an arm 15 pivotally mounted on a stud 11 carried by the machine frame. The connection between rod 14 and arm 15 is through a pin 16 on the rod engaging an elongated slot 16a in the arm. The arm I5 carries intermediate its ends a roller 18 adapted to bear against a cam 18a secured to the shaft l9. Cam 18a serves to reciprocate the rod 14 by its action on the roller 18 which is held against the cam by the action of a spring 18b surrounding the rod between one of the bearings 13 and a collar 180 on the rod. The other end of said rod 14 is connected to a slide bar 19 by means of the bracket which may be frictionally clamped in the desired position by the bolt 8|. Push rod 19 slides in the passageway formed by the guides 10 and the groove 69. Its movement is so timed that as the column of slugs in the pre-heating chamber is raised to the point that the top slug comes into the path of this slide bar, it is shoved edgewise into the passageway formed by said guides 10. These guides form a passageway having a curved section 82, to a point immediately in front of the female die member. At this point suitable gripper arms 83 pick up the slugs, which are prevented from sliding too far by the adjustable stop member 83a, and push them over the plate into the recess of the die in position to be extruded by a downward stroke of the punch l5.

During the passage of the slugs between the guides 10 they are further heated in an oven 85 formed of suitable heat insulating material. The temperature of the slugs in the pre-heating chamber need not be accurately controlled, but for the sake of economy and best results suitable thermostatic means or the like may be provided. The temperature of the slugs is accurately adjusted however within certain pro-determined limits. For this purpose thermostatically conpassageway and trolled electrical heating units may conveniently be employed, as more fully explained in my pending application S. N. 667,372 filed April 22, 1933. As the slugs are extruded into a finished article and the punch I is withdrawn the articles are carried upwardly thereby and are stripped therefrom by means of a stripper 86 and finally. are removed from the machine by a jet of air, or gas, or the like discharged from a tube 81. These hollow articles, when blown out of the region of the dies, fall into a chute 88 and are delivered onto and carried away on a suitable conveyor 89 driven by a shaft 98. This shaft 88 may be mounted in suitable bearings SI, 92 and driven from the shaft I2 by suitable chains and sprockets 93, 94 through the stub shaft 85.

The die I8 is preferably removably mounted in the die block I8a and may be held in place by means of a set screw 98. The assembly thus provided may be clamped to the shelf I! in the press by bolts 99 threaded through the blocks I88 which are integral with said shelf. Said shelf is preferably provided with an opening I8I below the center of the die block which is also provided with a central opening I82, whereby the die member may be pushed out from below the shelf without removing the die block. The bottom part of the die block is provided with an arcuate passageway I83, which is closed at the bottom by the annular plate I84, held in place by suitable screws I85. A gasket I88 may be employed, if desired, thus forming a substantially annular chamber in the die block which is liquid tight. Hot water, steam, or other heating or cooling means, may be supplied to the die block by means of the pipe I81 from any suitable source (not shown) and drawn off from the die block by the pipe I88. Either manual or automatic, thermostatically controlled means may be employed to regulate the flow of the heating or cooling fluid. It is thus possible toaccurately maintain the temperature of the die block and the die carried thereby constant throughout the use of the press by means of a continuous and regulated circulation of a heating or cooling fluid. All of the moving parts of my improved apparatus are outside of the pre-heater l8 and the oven 85, thus insuring smooth operation with low repair and replacement costs.

The operation of some portions of my device and the constructional features of the toggle for the punch, the gripper arms, the stripping mechanism, and other parts, are described in more detail in my pending application Serial Number 667,372 filed April 23, 1933.

Slugs of a suitable size are fed to my improved machine through the chute 45 where they are picked up by the feeder rod II and pushed upwardly through the pre-heating chamber as already described. Each slug is retained in this chamber substantially the same length of time during the continuous operation of the machine. As the slugs reach the top of tube 58, they are picked up singly by the push rod I8, and advanced in a series edgewise through the passageway formed by guides 18. During travel through this passageway the temperature of the pre-heated slugs may be easily and accurately adjusted, either raised, lowered, or maintained. The uniformly heated slugs finally emerge from this are picked up by the gripper arms and deposited in the cavity of the die member. The punch descends, extruding the article and carries it upwardly until it strikes the stripper which slides the article off and into the path of the ejecting fluid from pipe 81. The timing of the feed cam 18a and the cam 33 should be adjusted to synchronize with the stroke of the punch and the feeding action of the gripper arms.

When a press of this type is started,the die block is usually cold and after the press has been in use for some time, particularly if the operation is rapid, the die block will become overheated.

.The passage I83 and associated pipe connections provide means for bringing the die block up to the proper temperature before use thereof,

-. through the introduction of steam or the like,

since variations intheisiz'e of the die members,

such as is occasioned by thermal expansion, is

thereby prevented andithe user. is assured. of auniform product. 4 a

The terms used in describing the invention are used as terms of description and not as terms of-- limitation and it is intended that all equivalents the scope of of these terms be included within the invention claimed.

I claim:

1. An extrusion press comprising a frame, a die member mounted in said frame, guides forming a passageway for feeding individual flat disc-like slugs to said die member, means to pre-heat said slugs before entering said passageway, means associated with said guides to control the temperature of said pre-heated slugs within predetermined limits, and means to control the temperature of said die member in accordance with the temperature of said slugs.

2. An extrusion press comprising a frame, a die member mounted in said frame, means for feeding individual fiat disc-like slugs edgewise to said die member, means associated with said feeding means to control the temperature of the slugs within predetermined limits, means for preheating slugs, means for supplying pre-heated slugs to said feeding means, and means to control the temperature of said die member in accordance with the temperature of said slugs. g

3. In a press for extruding metal articles, a heating chamber, means for intermittently supplying disc-like slugs to the bottom of a pile in said chamber, and means for intermittently removing the top slug from said pile for feeding to said press.

4. In. a press for extruding metal articles, a

heating chamber having a substantially vertical 4 opening therein, means for supplying disc-like slugs to the bottom of said opening, means for raising a series of slugs axially in said opening, and means for removing .the slugs from said chamber at the top of said opening,

5. In a press for extruding metal articles, a-

heating chamber having asubstantially vertical opening therein, means for supplying disc-like slugs to the bottom of said opening, means for raising a series of slugs in said opening, and means for feeding slugs as they emerge from the top ofsaid chamber-to a die member.

6. In a press for extruding metal articles, a

heating chamber, a muffle chamber removably mounted therein having a substantially vertical opening, means for supplying slugs to the bottom of said opening, means for raising a series of slugs in said opening, and means for removing the slugs from said chamber at the top 01' said opening.

7. A method of producing hollow articles of zinc and the like which comprises pre-heating slugs of the metal to be extruded while advancing the same upwardly through a pre-heating zone, subsequently advancing the slugs through a final heating zone maintained at a predetermined regulated temperature, depositing the slugs separately in a die at a predetermined temperature, and extruding the slugs while at a regulated, elevated temperature.

8. A method of producing hollow articles of zinc and the like which comprises pre-heating disc-like slugs of the metal to be extruded while advancing the same axially through a pre-heating 'zone, subsequently advancing the slugs edgewise through a substantially horizontal final heating zone maintained at a predetermined, regulated temperature, depositing the slugs separately in a die at a. predetermined temperature and extruding the slugs while at a regulated, elevated temperature.

9. In a press for extruding metal articles, means for heating slugs prior to extrusion thereof comprising a heating chamber having a substantially vertical passage therethrough, means for supplying slugs to the lower portion of said chamber, means for intermittently raising a supplied slug into said passage, means for retaining a series of slugs in said passage, and means for feeding heated slugs to said press as they emerge from the upper portion of said chamber.

10. In a press for extruding substantially ilat disc-shaped slugs into hollow articles, a heating chamber disposed at a substantial angle to the horizontal, a removable muille chamber mounted therein,. said muffle chamber having an opening corresponding approximately to the size and shape of said slugs, means for feeding a column of said slugs upwardly through said opening, and means for feeding heated slugs to said press as they emerge from the top of said opening.

JOHN H. mrnEN. 

